在 Jetpack XR SDK 中使用自訂 3D 幾何圖形，超越 2D 限制

{
    "asset" : {...},
    "nodes" : [
        {
            "name" : "Right_Arm",
            "rotation" : [...],
            "scale" : [...],
            "translation" : [...],
        },
    ],
    "animations" : [
        {
            "name" : "Wave",
        },
    ],
    "meshes" : [
        {
            "name" : "Torso",
            "primitives" : [ ... ],
        },
    ],

    // Way way more!

}

// Load assets/models/car.glb
val carModel = GltfModel.create(
    session,
    Paths.get("models", "car.glb")
)

// Create an entity in the scene
val carEntity = GltfModelEntity.create(
    session,
    carModel,
    parent = session.scene.activitySpace
)

// Access every animation in car.glb
val animations = carEntity.getAnimations()
   .associateBy { it.name }

// Open the doors...
animations["lf_door_open"]?.start()
animations["rt_door_open"]?.start()

// ...and close them again
animations["lf_door_close"]?.start()
animations["rt_door_close"]?.start()

// Same for the hood and trunk
animations["hood_open"]?.start()
animations["trunk_open"]?.start()

// Wheel sub nodes, named by our designer
val nodes = carEntity.nodes.associateBy { it.name }
val front = listOf("lf_frontWheel_geo",
   "rt_fontWheel_geo").map { nodes[it]!! }
val rear = listOf("lf_RearWheel_geo",
   "rt_RearWheel_geo").map { nodes[it]!! }

// Update a sub node's transform at runtime
fun GltfModelNode.rotate(q: Quaternion) {
   localPose = localPose.copy(rotation = q)
}

// Each frame: steer front, spin all four
fun drive(steerDeg: Float, spinDeg: Float) {
   val steer = Quaternion.fromAxisAngle(
       Vector3.Up, steerDeg)
   val spin = Quaternion.fromAxisAngle(
       Vector3.Right, spinDeg)
   front.forEach { it.rotate(steer * spin) }
   rear.forEach { it.rotate(spin) }
}

// Load a PNG with the Texture API
val metal = Texture.create(
   session, Paths.get("textures", "metal.png"))

// Create KhronosPbrMaterials
val (body, doors, hood) = List(3) {
   KhronosPbrMaterial
       .create(session, AlphaMode.OPAQUE)
}
body.setBaseColorFactor(CYAN)
doors.setBaseColorFactor(PINK)
hood.setBaseColorTexture(metal)

// Override meshes by sub node name
val nodes = carEntity.nodes.associateBy { it.name }
nodes["mainBody_geo"]?.setMaterialOverride(body)
nodes["lf_door_geo"]?.setMaterialOverride(doors)
nodes["rt_door_geo"]?.setMaterialOverride(doors)
nodes["hood_geo"]?.setMaterialOverride(hood)

// 4 vertices: x, y, z
val positions = floatArrayOf(
    0f, 0f, 0f,   // v0
    1f, 0f, 0f,   // v1
    0f, 1f, 0f,   // v2
    1f, 1f, 0f    // v3
)

// 2 triangles = 6 indices
val indices = intArrayOf(
    0, 1, 2,
    2, 1, 3
)

// How to read each vertex from bytes
val layout = VertexLayout.Builder()
    .addAttribute(POSITION, FLOAT3) // 12 B
    .addAttribute(NORMAL, FLOAT3)   // 12 B
    .addAttribute(UV0, FLOAT2)      //  8 B
    .build()              // stride: 32 B

// Offsets and stride are computed,
// or set them explicitly.

// Attributes can live in separate buffers
val split = VertexLayout.Builder()
    .addAttribute(POSITION, FLOAT3)
    .startNextBuffer()
    .addAttribute(COLOR, UBYTE4_NORM)
    .build()

// Vertex bytes + 32-bit indices
val meshBuffer = MeshBuffer.create(
    session, layout,
    vertexData = listOf(ByteBufferRegion(
        vertexBytes, 0, vertexBytes.capacity())),
    indexData = ByteBufferRegion(
        indexBytes, 0, indexBytes.capacity()))

// Copied to the GPU: reuse your
// ByteBuffers right away

// Need updates at runtime?
val dynamic = MeshBuffer.createDynamic(
    session, layout,
    vertexCount = 1000, indexCount = 3000)

// A view: which indices to draw, and how
val road = CustomMesh
    .BuilderFromMeshBuffer(session, meshBuffer)
    // subset 0: asphalt
    .addSubset(TRIANGLES, indexOffset = 0,
        indexCount = roadCount)
    // subset 1: lane markings
    .addSubset(TRIANGLES,
        indexOffset = roadCount,
        indexCount = lineCount)
    .build()

// Shortcut: builds MeshBuffer + CustomMesh
CustomMesh.BuilderFromMeshData(session, layout)

// Place the mesh in the scene graph
val roadEntity = MeshEntity.create(
    session,
    mesh = road,
    // one material per subset
    materials = listOf(asphalt, paint),
    pose = Pose(Vector3(0f, 0f, -1f)),
    parent = session.scene.activitySpace)

// It's an Entity: move it, re-parent it
roadEntity.setPose(Pose(Vector3(0f, -0.5f, -1f)))
roadEntity.parent = tableAnchor

// Same mesh, another entity
val ghost = MeshEntity.create(
    session, road, listOf(glass, glass))

// Describe a vertex
val layout = VertexLayout.Builder()
    .addAttribute(POSITION, FLOAT3)
    .addAttribute(NORMAL, FLOAT3)
    .addAttribute(UV0, FLOAT2)
    .build()

// Path points -> ribbon of triangles
val (vertices, indices) = buildRoad(path)

// Build the mesh...
val roadMesh = CustomMesh
    .BuilderFromMeshData(session, layout)
    .addVertexData(vertices)
    .setIndexData(indices)
    .setTopology(TRIANGLES)
    .build()

// ...and put it in the scene
val road = MeshEntity.create(
    session, roadMesh, listOf(asphalt),
    parent = session.scene.activitySpace)

// Fixed GPU capacity, allocated once
val track = CustomMesh.BuilderFromMeshData(
        session, layout,
        maxVertices = 2 * MAX_POINTS,
        maxIndices = 6 * MAX_POINTS)
    .setTopology(TRIANGLES)
    // Covers everything the track can become
    .setBounds(playArea)
    .build()

// Hand moved: upload only the new segment
val buffer = track.meshBuffer
buffer.updateVertexData(
    bufferIndex = 0,
    vertexData = segmentVertices,
    offsetInBytes = n * VERTEX_BYTES)
buffer.updateIndexData(
    segmentIndices,
    offsetInBytes = n * INDEX_BYTES)

// 20 x 12 cells = 273 vertices
val layout = VertexLayout.Builder()
    // buffer 0: updated every frame
    .addAttribute(POSITION, FLOAT3)
    .addAttribute(NORMAL, FLOAT3)
    .startNextBuffer()
    // buffer 1: never changes
    .addAttribute(UV0, FLOAT2)
    .build()

val flagMesh = CustomMesh.BuilderFromMeshData(
        session, layout,
        maxVertices = 273, maxIndices = 1440)
    .addVertexData(restPose)   // buffer 0
    .addVertexData(checkerUVs) // buffer 1
    .setIndexData(gridIndices)
    .setTopology(TRIANGLES)
    .setBounds(swingBounds)
    .build()

// Gemini wrote the math
fun wave(t: Float) {
    for (i in 0 until 273) {
        val u = (i % 21) / 20f  // 0 at the pole
        setZ(i, 0.06f * u * sin(6f * u - 4f * t))
    }
    recomputeNormals()          // from neighbors
}

// Every frame: one upload (~6.5 KB)
while (isActive) withFrameNanos { ns ->
    wave(ns / 1e9f)
    flagMesh.meshBuffer.updateVertexData(
        bufferIndex = 0,
        vertexData = ByteBufferRegion(
            posNormals, 0, 273 * 24))
}