Cambios en el comportamiento: apps orientadas a Android 15 o versiones posteriores

Al igual que las versiones anteriores, Android 15 incluye cambios de comportamiento que podrían afectar tu app. Los siguientes cambios se aplican exclusivamente a las apps orientadas a Android 15 o versiones posteriores. Si tu app está orientada a Android 15 o versiones posteriores, debes modificarla para que admita estos comportamientos correctamente, cuando corresponda.

Asegúrate de revisar también la lista de cambios de comportamiento que afectan a todas las apps que se ejecutan en Android 15, independientemente de targetSdkVersion de la app.

Funcionalidad principal

Android 15 modifica o expande varias funciones principales del sistema Android.

Cambios en los servicios en primer plano

Realizaremos los siguientes cambios en los servicios en primer plano con Android 15.

Comportamiento del tiempo de espera del servicio en primer plano de sincronización de datos

Android 15 introduces a new timeout behavior to dataSync for apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35) or higher. This behavior also applies to the new mediaProcessing foreground service type.

The system permits an app's dataSync services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). When Service.onTimeout() is called, the service is no longer considered a foreground service. If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type dataSync did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid problems with this behavior change, you can do one or more of the following:

  1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
  2. Make sure your app's dataSync services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
  3. Only start dataSync foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
  4. Instead of using a dataSync foreground service, use an alternative API.

If your app's dataSync foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another dataSync foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another dataSync foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type dataSync".

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable data sync timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager data_sync_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Nuevo tipo de servicio en primer plano de procesamiento de contenido multimedia

Android 15 introduces a new foreground service type, mediaProcessing. This service type is appropriate for operations like transcoding media files. For example, a media app might download an audio file and need to convert it to a different format before playing it. You can use a mediaProcessing foreground service to make sure the conversion continues even while the app is in the background.

The system permits an app's mediaProcessing services to run for a total of 6 hours in a 24-hour period, after which the system calls the running service's Service.onTimeout(int, int) method (introduced in Android 15). At this time, the service has a few seconds to call Service.stopSelf(). If the service does not call Service.stopSelf(), the system throws an internal exception. The exception is logged in Logcat with the following message:

Fatal Exception: android.app.RemoteServiceException: "A foreground service of
type mediaProcessing did not stop within its timeout: [component name]"

To avoid having the exception, you can do one of the following:

  1. Have your service implement the new Service.onTimeout(int, int) method. When your app receives the callback, make sure to call stopSelf() within a few seconds. (If you don't stop the app right away, the system generates a failure.)
  2. Make sure your app's mediaProcessing services don't run for more than a total of 6 hours in any 24-hour period (unless the user interacts with the app, resetting the timer).
  3. Only start mediaProcessing foreground services as a result of direct user interaction; since your app is in the foreground when the service starts, your service has the full six hours after the app goes to the background.
  4. Instead of using a mediaProcessing foreground service, use an alternative API, like WorkManager.

If your app's mediaProcessing foreground services have run for 6 hours in the last 24, you cannot start another mediaProcessing foreground service unless the user has brought your app to the foreground (which resets the timer). If you try to start another mediaProcessing foreground service, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException with an error message like "Time limit already exhausted for foreground service type mediaProcessing".

For more information about the mediaProcessing service type, see Changes to foreground service types for Android 15: Media processing.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable media processing timeouts even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable timeouts, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_INTRODUCE_TIME_LIMITS your-package-name

You can also adjust the timeout period, to make it easier to test how your app behaves when the limit is reached. To set a new timeout period, run the following adb command:

adb shell device_config put activity_manager media_processing_fgs_timeout_duration duration-in-milliseconds

Restricciones para los receptores de emisión BOOT_COMPLETED que inician servicios en primer plano

There are new restrictions on BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast receivers launching foreground services. BOOT_COMPLETED receivers are not allowed to launch the following types of foreground services:

If a BOOT_COMPLETED receiver tries to launch any of those types of foreground services, the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). Run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_BOOT_COMPLETED_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

To send a BOOT_COMPLETED broadcast without restarting the device, run the following adb command:

adb shell am broadcast -a android.intent.action.BOOT_COMPLETED your-package-name

Restricciones para iniciar servicios en primer plano mientras una app tiene el permiso SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW

Previously, if an app held the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission, it could launch a foreground service even if the app was currently in the background (as discussed in exemptions from background start restrictions).

If an app targets Android 15, this exemption is now narrower. The app now needs to have the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and also have a visible overlay window. That is, the app needs to first launch a TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY window and the window needs to be visible before you start a foreground service.

If your app attempts to start a foreground service from the background without meeting these new requirements (and it does not have some other exemption), the system throws ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException.

If your app declares the SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW permission and launches foreground services from the background, it may be affected by this change. If your app gets a ForegroundServiceStartNotAllowedException, check your app's order of operations and make sure your app already has an active overlay window before it attempts to start a foreground service from the background. You can check if your overlay window is currently visible by calling View.getWindowVisibility(), or you can override View.onWindowVisibilityChanged() to get notified whenever the visibility changes.

Testing

To test your app's behavior, you can enable these new restrictions even if your app is not targeting Android 15 (as long as the app is running on an Android 15 device). To enable these new restrictions on starting foreground services from the background, run the following adb command:

adb shell am compat enable FGS_SAW_RESTRICTIONS your-package-name

Se modificaron los momentos en que las apps pueden modificar el estado global del modo No interrumpir.

Las apps que se orientan a Android 15 (nivel de API 35) y versiones posteriores ya no pueden cambiar el estado o la política globales de No interrumpir (ND) en un dispositivo (ya sea modificando la configuración del usuario o desactivando el modo ND). En su lugar, las apps deben contribuir con un AutomaticZenRule, que el sistema combina en una política global con el esquema existente de política más restrictiva. Las llamadas a las APIs existentes que antes afectaban el estado global (setInterruptionFilter, setNotificationPolicy) generan la creación o actualización de un AutomaticZenRule implícito, que se activa o desactiva según el ciclo de llamadas de esas llamadas a la API.

Ten en cuenta que este cambio solo afecta el comportamiento observable si la app llama a setInterruptionFilter(INTERRUPTION_FILTER_ALL) y espera que esa llamada desactive un AutomaticZenRule que sus propietarios activaron anteriormente.

Cambios en la API de OpenJDK

Android 15 continúa la tarea de actualizar las bibliotecas principales de Android para alinearlas con las funciones de las versiones más recientes de LTS de OpenJDK.

Algunos de estos cambios pueden afectar la compatibilidad de las apps que se orientan a Android 15 (nivel de API 35):

  • Cambios en las APIs de formato de cadenas: La validación del índice de argumentos, las marcas, la precisión y el ancho ahora es más estricta cuando se usan las siguientes APIs de String.format() y Formatter.format():

    Por ejemplo, se genera la siguiente excepción cuando se usa un índice de argumento de 0 (%0 en la cadena de formato):

    IllegalFormatArgumentIndexException: Illegal format argument index = 0

    En este caso, el problema se puede solucionar con un índice de argumento de 1 (%1 en la cadena de formato).

  • Cambios en el tipo de componente de Arrays.asList(...).toArray(): Cuando se usa Arrays.asList(...).toArray(), el tipo de componente del array resultante ahora es Object, no el tipo de los elementos del array subyacente. Por lo tanto, el siguiente código arroja un ClassCastException:

    String[] elements = (String[]) Arrays.asList("one", "two").toArray();

    En este caso, para conservar String como el tipo de componente en el array resultante, puedes usar Collection.toArray(Object[]) en su lugar:

    String[] elements = Arrays.asList("two", "one").toArray(new String[0]);

  • Cambios en el manejo de códigos de idioma: Cuando usas la API de Locale, los códigos de idioma para hebreo, yiddish e indonesio ya no se convierten a sus formas obsoletas (hebreo: iw, yiddish: ji e indonesio: in). Cuando especifiques el código de idioma de una de estas configuraciones regionales, usa los códigos de ISO 639-1 (hebreo: he, yiddish: yi e indonesio: id).

  • Cambios en las secuencias de int aleatorias: Después de los cambios realizados en https://bugs.openjdk.org/browse/JDK-8301574, los siguientes métodos Random.ints() ahora muestran una secuencia de números diferente a la de los métodos Random.nextInt():

    Por lo general, este cambio no debería provocar un comportamiento que interrumpa la app, pero tu código no debería esperar que la secuencia generada a partir de los métodos Random.ints() coincida con Random.nextInt().

La nueva API de SequencedCollection puede afectar la compatibilidad de tu app después de que actualices compileSdk en la configuración de compilación de tu app para usar Android 15 (nivel de API 35):

  • Colisión con las funciones de extensión MutableList.removeFirst() y MutableList.removeLast() en kotlin-stdlib

    El tipo List en Java se asigna al tipo MutableList en Kotlin. Debido a que las APIs de List.removeFirst() y List.removeLast() se introdujeron en Android 15 (nivel de API 35), el compilador de Kotlin resuelve las llamadas a función, por ejemplo, list.removeFirst(), de forma estática a las nuevas APIs de List en lugar de a las funciones de extensión en kotlin-stdlib.

    Si una app se vuelve a compilar con compileSdk establecido en 35 y minSdk establecido en 34 o una versión anterior, y luego se ejecuta en Android 14 y versiones anteriores, se genera un error de tiempo de ejecución:

    java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: No virtual method
removeFirst()Ljava/lang/Object; in class Ljava/util/ArrayList;

    La opción de lint NewApi existente en el complemento de Android para Gradle puede detectar estos nuevos usos de la API.

    ./gradlew lint

MainActivity.kt:41: Error: Call requires API level 35 (current min is 34): java.util.List#removeFirst [NewApi]
      list.removeFirst()

    Para corregir la excepción de tiempo de ejecución y los errores de lint, las llamadas a las funciones removeFirst() y removeLast() se pueden reemplazar por removeAt(0) y removeAt(list.lastIndex), respectivamente, en Kotlin. Si usas Android Studio Ladybug | 2024.1.3 o versiones posteriores, también proporciona una opción de solución rápida para estos errores.

    Considera quitar @SuppressLint("NewApi") y lintOptions { disable 'NewApi' } si se inhabilitó la opción lint.

  • Colisión con otros métodos en Java

    Se agregaron métodos nuevos a los tipos existentes, por ejemplo, List y Deque. Es posible que estos métodos nuevos no sean compatibles con los métodos que tienen el mismo nombre y los mismos tipos de argumentos en otras interfaces y clases. En el caso de una colisión de firma de método con incompatibilidad, el compilador javac muestra un error de tiempo de compilación. Por ejemplo:

    Ejemplo de error 1:

    javac MyList.java

MyList.java:135: error: removeLast() in MyList cannot implement removeLast() in List
  public void removeLast() {
              ^
  return type void is not compatible with Object
  where E is a type-variable:
    E extends Object declared in interface List

    Ejemplo de error 2:

    javac MyList.java

MyList.java:7: error: types Deque<Object> and List<Object> are incompatible;
public class MyList implements  List<Object>, Deque<Object> {
  both define reversed(), but with unrelated return types
1 error

    Ejemplo de error 3:

    javac MyList.java

MyList.java:43: error: types List<E#1> and MyInterface<E#2> are incompatible;
public static class MyList implements List<Object>, MyInterface<Object> {
  class MyList inherits unrelated defaults for getFirst() from types List and MyInterface
  where E#1,E#2 are type-variables:
    E#1 extends Object declared in interface List
    E#2 extends Object declared in interface MyInterface
1 error

    Para corregir estos errores de compilación, la clase que implementa estas interfaces debe reemplazar el método con un tipo de devolución compatible. Por ejemplo:

    @Override
public Object getFirst() {
    return List.super.getFirst();
}

Seguridad

Android 15 incluye cambios que promueven la seguridad del sistema para ayudar a proteger a las apps y a los usuarios de las apps maliciosas.

Versiones de TLS restringidas

Android 15 restricts the usage of TLS versions 1.0 and 1.1. These versions had previously been deprecated in Android, but are now disallowed for apps targeting Android 15.

Inicios de actividades en segundo plano seguros

Android 15 protects users from malicious apps and gives them more control over their devices by adding changes that prevent malicious background apps from bringing other apps to the foreground, elevating their privileges, and abusing user interaction. Background activity launches have been restricted since Android 10 (API level 29).

Other changes

In addition to the restriction for UID matching, these other changes are also included:

  • Change PendingIntent creators to block background activity launches by default. This helps prevent apps from accidentally creating a PendingIntent that could be abused by malicious actors.
  • Don't bring an app to the foreground unless the PendingIntent sender allows it. This change aims to prevent malicious apps from abusing the ability to start activities in the background. By default, apps are not allowed to bring the task stack to the foreground unless the creator allows background activity launch privileges or the sender has background activity launch privileges.
  • Control how the top activity of a task stack can finish its task. If the top activity finishes a task, Android will go back to whichever task was last active. Moreover, if a non-top activity finishes its task, Android will go back to the home screen; it won't block the finish of this non-top activity.
  • Prevent launching arbitrary activities from other apps into your own task. This change prevents malicious apps from phishing users by creating activities that appear to be from other apps.
  • Block non-visible windows from being considered for background activity launches. This helps prevent malicious apps from abusing background activity launches to display unwanted or malicious content to users.

Intents más seguros

Android 15 presenta nuevas medidas de seguridad opcionales para que los intents sean más seguros y sólidos. El objetivo de estos cambios es evitar posibles vulnerabilidades y el uso inadecuado de intents que pueden aprovechar las apps maliciosas. Hay dos mejoras principales en la seguridad de los intents en Android 15:

  • Coincidir con filtros de intents de destino: Los intents que se orientan a componentes específicos deben coincidir de forma precisa con las especificaciones de filtros de intents del destino. Si envías un intent para iniciar la actividad de otra app, el componente de intent de destino debe alinearse con los filtros de intents declarados de la actividad receptora.
  • Los intents deben tener acciones: Los intents sin una acción ya no coincidirán con ningún filtro de intents. Esto significa que los intents que se usan para iniciar actividades o servicios deben tener una acción claramente definida.

Para verificar cómo responde tu app a estos cambios, usa StrictMode en tu app. Para ver registros detallados sobre los incumplimientos de uso de Intent, agrega el siguiente método:

Kotlin


fun onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(VmPolicy.Builder()
        .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
        .build()
    )
}

Java


public void onCreate() {
    StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new VmPolicy.Builder()
            .detectUnsafeIntentLaunch()
            .build());
}

Experiencia del usuario y IU del sistema

Android 15 incluye algunos cambios que tienen como objetivo crear una experiencia del usuario más intuitiva y coerente.

Cambios en la inserción de ventana

There are two changes related to window insets in Android 15: edge-to-edge is enforced by default, and there are also configuration changes, such as the default configuration of system bars.

Edge-to-edge enforcement

Apps are edge-to-edge by default on devices running Android 15 if the app is targeting Android 15 (API level 35).

An app that targets Android 14 and is not edge-to-edge on an Android 15 device.


An app that targets Android 15 (API level 35) and is edge-to-edge on an Android 15 device. This app mostly uses Material 3 Compose Components that automatically apply insets. This screen is not negatively impacted by the Android 15 edge-to-edge enforcement.

This is a breaking change that might negatively impact your app's UI. The changes affect the following UI areas:

  • Gesture handle navigation bar
    • Transparent by default.
    • Bottom offset is disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
    • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are deprecated and don't affect gesture navigation.
    • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced continue to have no effect on gesture navigation.
  • 3-button navigation
    • Opacity set to 80% by default, with color possibly matching the window background.
    • Bottom offset disabled so content draws behind the system navigation bar unless insets are applied.
    • setNavigationBarColor and R.attr#navigationBarColor are set to match the window background by default. The window background must be a color drawable for this default to apply. This API is deprecated but continues to affect 3-button navigation.
    • setNavigationBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#navigationBarContrastEnforced is true by default, which adds an 80% opaque background across 3-button navigation.
  • Status bar
    • Transparent by default.
    • The top offset is disabled so content draws behind the status bar unless insets are applied.
    • setStatusBarColor and R.attr#statusBarColor are deprecated and have no effect on Android 15.
    • setStatusBarContrastEnforced and R.attr#statusBarContrastEnforced are deprecated but still have an effect on Android 15.
  • Display cutout
    • layoutInDisplayCutoutMode of non-floating windows must be LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. SHORT_EDGES, NEVER, and DEFAULT are interpreted as ALWAYS so that users don't see a black bar caused by the display cutout and appear edge-to-edge.

The following example shows an app before and after targeting Android 15 (API level 35), and before and after applying insets.

An app that targets Android 14 and is not edge-to-edge on an Android 15 device.
An app that targets Android 15 (API level 35) and is edge-to-edge on an Android 15 device. However, many elements are now hidden by the status bar, 3-button navigation bar, or display cutout due to the Android 15 edge-to-edge enforcements. Hidden UI includes the Material 2 top app bar, floating action buttons, and list items.
An app that targets Android 15 (API level 35), is edge to edge on an Android 15 device and applies insets so that UI is not hidden.
What to check if your app is already edge-to-edge

If your app is already edge-to-edge and applies insets, you are mostly unimpacted, except in the following scenarios. However, even if you think you aren't impacted, we recommend you test your app.

  • You have a non-floating window, such as an Activity that uses SHORT_EDGES, NEVER or DEFAULT instead of LAYOUT_IN_DISPLAY_CUTOUT_MODE_ALWAYS. If your app crashes on launch, this might be due to your splashscreen. You can either upgrade the core splashscreen dependency to 1.2.0-alpha01 or later or set window.attributes.layoutInDisplayCutoutMode = WindowManager.LayoutInDisplayCutoutMode.always.
  • There might be lower-traffic screens with occluded UI. Verify these less-visited screens don't have occluded UI. Lower-traffic screens include:
    • Onboarding or sign-in screens
    • Settings pages
What to check if your app is not already edge-to-edge

If your app is not already edge-to-edge, you are most likely impacted. In addition to the scenarios for apps that are already edge-to-edge, you should consider the following:

  • If your app uses Material 3 Components ( androidx.compose.material3) in compose, such as TopAppBar, BottomAppBar, and NavigationBar, these components are likely not impacted because they automatically handle insets.
  • If your app is using Material 2 Components ( androidx.compose.material) in Compose, these components don't automatically handle insets. However, you can get access to the insets and apply them manually. In androidx.compose.material 1.6.0 and later, use the windowInsets parameter to apply the insets manually for BottomAppBar, TopAppBar, BottomNavigation, and NavigationRail. Likewise, use the contentWindowInsets parameter for Scaffold.
  • If your app uses views and Material Components (com.google.android.material), most views-based Material Components such as BottomNavigationView, BottomAppBar, NavigationRailView, or NavigationView, handle insets and require no additional work. However, you need to add android:fitsSystemWindows="true" if using AppBarLayout.
  • For custom composables, apply the insets manually as padding. If your content is within a Scaffold, you can consume insets using the Scaffold padding values. Otherwise, apply padding using one of the WindowInsets.
  • If your app is using views and BottomSheet, SideSheet or custom containers, apply padding using ViewCompat.setOnApplyWindowInsetsListener. For RecyclerView, apply padding using this listener and also add clipToPadding="false".
What to check if your app must offer custom background protection

If your app must offer custom background protection to 3-button navigation or the status bar, your app should place a composable or view behind the system bar using WindowInsets.Type#tappableElement() to get the 3-button navigation bar height or WindowInsets.Type#statusBars.

Additional edge-to-edge resources

See the Edge to Edge Views and Edge to Edge Compose guides for additional considerations on applying insets.

Deprecated APIs

The following APIs are deprecated but not disabled:

The following APIs are deprecated and disabled:

Stable configuration

If your app targets Android 15 (API level 35) or higher, Configuration no longer excludes the system bars. If you use the screen size in the Configuration class for layout calculation, you should replace it with better alternatives like an appropriate ViewGroup, WindowInsets, or WindowMetricsCalculator depending on your need.

Configuration has been available since API 1. It is typically obtained from Activity.onConfigurationChanged. It provides information like window density, orientation, and sizes. One important characteristic about the window sizes returned from Configuration is that it previously excluded the system bars.

The configuration size is typically used for resource selection, such as /res/layout-h500dp, and this is still a valid use case. However, using it for layout calculation has always been discouraged. If you do so, you should move away from it now. You should replace the use of Configuration with something more suitable depending on your use case.

If you use it to calculate the layout, use an appropriate ViewGroup, such as CoordinatorLayout or ConstraintLayout. If you use it to determine the height of the system navbar, use WindowInsets. If you want to know the current size of your app window, use computeCurrentWindowMetrics.

The following list describes the fields affected by this change:

El atributo elegantTextHeight tiene el valor predeterminado de verdadero.

En el caso de las apps orientadas a Android 15 (nivel de API 35), el atributo elegantTextHeight TextView se convierte en true de forma predeterminada, lo que reemplaza la fuente compacta que se usa de forma predeterminada con algunas secuencias de comandos que tienen métricas verticales grandes por una que es mucho más legible. La fuente compacta se introdujo para evitar que se rompan los diseños. Android 13 (nivel de API 33) evita muchos de estos daños, ya que permite que el diseño de texto estire la altura vertical con el atributo fallbackLineSpacing.

En Android 15, la fuente compacta aún permanece en el sistema, por lo que tu app puede establecer elegantTextHeight en false para obtener el mismo comportamiento que antes, pero es probable que no sea compatible con las próximas versiones. Por lo tanto, si tu app admite las siguientes secuencias de comandos: árabe, lao, birmano, tamil, guyaratí, canarés, malabar, odía, telugu o tailandés, configura elegantTextHeight como true para probarla.

Comportamiento de elegantTextHeight para apps orientadas a Android 14 (nivel de API 34) y versiones anteriores.
Comportamiento de elegantTextHeight para apps orientadas a Android 15.

Cambios en el ancho de TextView para formas de letras complejas

En versiones anteriores de Android, algunas fuentes o idiomas en cursiva que tienen formas complejas podrían dibujar las letras en el área del carácter anterior o siguiente. En algunos casos, esas letras se cortaron al principio o al final. A partir de Android 15, un TextView asigna ancho para dibujar suficiente espacio para esas letras y permite que las apps soliciten paddings adicionales a la izquierda para evitar los recortes.

Como este cambio afecta la forma en que un TextView decide el ancho, TextView asigna más ancho de forma predeterminada si la app se orienta a Android 15 (nivel de API 35) o versiones posteriores. Para habilitar o inhabilitar este comportamiento, llama a la API de setUseBoundsForWidth en TextView.

Como agregar padding izquierdo puede causar un desajuste en los diseños existentes, el padding no se agrega de forma predeterminada, incluso en el caso de las apps orientadas a Android 15 o versiones posteriores. Sin embargo, puedes agregar padding adicional para evitar el recorte llamando a setShiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang.

En los siguientes ejemplos, se muestra cómo estos cambios pueden mejorar el diseño de texto para algunas fuentes y algunos idiomas.

Diseño estándar para texto en inglés en una fuente cursiva. Algunas de las letras están cortadas. Este es el XML correspondiente:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java" />
Diseño para el mismo texto en inglés con ancho y padding adicionales. Este es el XML correspondiente:

<TextView
    android:fontFamily="cursive"
    android:text="java"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />
Diseño estándar para texto tailandés. Algunas de las letras están cortadas. Este es el XML correspondiente:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์" />
Diseño para el mismo texto tailandés con ancho y padding adicionales. Este es el XML correspondiente:

<TextView
    android:text="คอมพิวเตอร์"
    android:useBoundsForWidth="true"
    android:shiftDrawingOffsetForStartOverhang="true" />

Altura de línea predeterminada que se adapta a la configuración regional para EditText

In previous versions of Android, the text layout stretched the height of the text to meet the line height of the font that matched the current locale. For example, if the content was in Japanese, because the line height of the Japanese font is slightly larger than the one of a Latin font, the height of the text became slightly larger. However, despite these differences in line heights, the EditText element was sized uniformly, regardless of the locale being used, as illustrated in the following image:

Three boxes representing EditText elements that can contain text from English (en), Japanese (ja), and Burmese (my). The height of the EditText is the same, even though these languages have different line heights from each other.

For apps targeting Android 15 (API level 35), a minimum line height is now reserved for EditText to match the reference font for the specified Locale, as shown in the following image:

Three boxes representing EditText elements that can contain text from English (en), Japanese (ja), and Burmese (my). The height of the EditText now includes space to accommodate the default line height for these languages' fonts.

If needed, your app can restore the previous behavior by specifying the useLocalePreferredLineHeightForMinimum attribute to false, and your app can set custom minimum vertical metrics using the setMinimumFontMetrics API in Kotlin and Java.

Cámara y contenido multimedia

Android 15 realiza los siguientes cambios en el comportamiento de la cámara y el contenido multimedia para las apps orientadas a Android 15 o versiones posteriores.

Restricciones para solicitar el foco de audio

Apps that target Android 15 (API level 35) must be the top app or running a foreground service in order to request audio focus. If an app attempts to request focus when it does not meet one of these requirements, the call returns AUDIOFOCUS_REQUEST_FAILED.

You can learn more about audio focus at Manage audio focus.

Actualización de restricciones que no pertenecen al SDK

Android 15 incluye listas actualizadas de este tipo de interfaces que están basadas en la colaboración con desarrolladores de Android y las pruebas internas más recientes. Siempre que sea posible, nos aseguramos de que las alternativas públicas estén disponibles antes de restringir las interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK.

Si tu app no está orientada a Android 15, es posible que algunos de estos cambios no te afecten de inmediato. Sin embargo, si bien es posible que tu app acceda a algunas interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK según el nivel de API objetivo, usar cualquier método o campo que no pertenezca al SDK siempre implica un gran riesgo de error para tu app.

Si no sabes con seguridad si tu app usa este tipo de interfaces, puedes probarla para verificarlo. Si tu app depende de interfaces que no pertenecen al SDK, deberías planificar una migración hacia otras alternativas SDK, Sin embargo, sabemos que algunas apps tienen casos de uso válidos para usarlas. Si no encuentras una alternativa al uso de una interfaz que no pertenece al SDK para una función de tu app, deberías solicitar una nueva API pública.

To learn more about the changes in this release of Android, see Updates to non-SDK interface restrictions in Android 15. To learn more about non-SDK interfaces generally, see Restrictions on non-SDK interfaces.