Get started with tiles

To start providing tiles from your app, include the following dependencies in your app's build.gradle file.

dependencies {
    // Use to implement support for wear tiles
    implementation "androidx.wear.tiles:tiles:1.2.0"

    // Use to utilize standard components and layouts in your tiles
    implementation "androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout:1.0.0"

    // Use to utilize components and layouts with Material Design in your tiles
    implementation "androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout-material:1.0.0"

    // Use to include dynamic expressions in your tiles
    implementation "androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout-expression:1.0.0"

    // Use to preview wear tiles in your own app
    debugImplementation "androidx.wear.tiles:tiles-renderer:1.2.0"

    // Use to fetch tiles from a tile provider in your tests
    testImplementation "androidx.wear.tiles:tiles-testing:1.2.0"
}

dependencies {
    // Use to implement support for wear tiles
    implementation("androidx.wear.tiles:tiles:1.2.0")

    // Use to utilize standard components and layouts in your tiles
    implementation("androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout:1.0.0")

    // Use to utilize components and layouts with Material Design in your tiles
    implementation("androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout-material:1.0.0")

    // Use to include dynamic expressions in your tiles
    implementation("androidx.wear.protolayout:protolayout-expression:1.0.0")

    // Use to preview wear tiles in your own app
    debugImplementation("androidx.wear.tiles:tiles-renderer:1.2.0")

    // Use to fetch tiles from a tile provider in your tests
    testImplementation("androidx.wear.tiles:tiles-testing:1.2.0")
}

Create a tile

To provide a tile from your application, create a class that extends TileService and implement the methods, as shown in the following code sample:

// Uses the ProtoLayout namespace for tile timeline objects.
// If you haven't done so already, migrate to the ProtoLayout namespace.
import androidx.wear.protolayout.TimelineBuilders.Timeline
import androidx.wear.protolayout.material.Text
import androidx.wear.tiles.TileBuilders.Tile

private val RESOURCES_VERSION = "1"
class MyTileService : TileService() {
    override fun onTileRequest(requestParams: RequestBuilders.TileRequest) =
        Futures.immediateFuture(Tile.Builder()
            .setResourcesVersion(RESOURCES_VERSION)
            .setTileTimeline(
                Timeline.fromLayoutElement(
                    Text.Builder(this, "Hello world!")
                        .setTypography(Typography.TYPOGRAPHY_DISPLAY1)
                        .setColor(argb(0xFF000000.toInt()))
                        .build()))
            .build())

    override fun onTileResourcesRequest(requestParams: ResourcesRequest) =
        Futures.immediateFuture(Resources.Builder()
            .setVersion(RESOURCES_VERSION)
            .build()
        )
}

// Uses the ProtoLayout namespace for tile timeline objects.
// If you haven't done so already, migrate to the ProtoLayout namespace.
import androidx.wear.protolayout.TimelineBuilders.Timeline;
import androidx.wear.protolayout.material.Text;
import androidx.wear.tiles.TileBuilders.Tile;

public class MyTileService extends TileService {
    private static final String RESOURCES_VERSION = "1";

    @NonNull
    @Override
    protected ListenableFuture<Tile> onTileRequest(
        @NonNull TileRequest requestParams
    ) {
        return Futures.immediateFuture(new Tile.Builder()
            .setResourcesVersion(RESOURCES_VERSION)
            .setTileTimeline(
                Timeline.fromLayoutElement(
                    new Text.Builder(this, "Hello world!")
                        .setTypography(Typography.TYPOGRAPHY_DISPLAY1)
                        .setColor(ColorBuilders.argb(0xFF000000))
                        .build()))
            .build()
        );
   }

   @NonNull
   @Override
   protected ListenableFuture<Resources> onTileResourcesRequest(
       @NonNull ResourcesRequest requestParams
   ) {
       return Futures.immediateFuture(new Resources.Builder()
               .setVersion(RESOURCES_VERSION)
               .build()
       );
   }
}

Next, add a service inside the <application> tag of your AndroidManifest.xml file.

<service
   android:name=".MyTileService"
   android:label="@string/tile_label"
   android:description="@string/tile_description"
   android:icon="@drawable/tile_icon"
   android:roundIcon="@drawable/tile_icon_round"
   android:exported="true"
   android:permission="com.google.android.wearable.permission.BIND_TILE_PROVIDER">
   <intent-filter>
       <action android:name="androidx.wear.tiles.action.BIND_TILE_PROVIDER" />
   </intent-filter>

   <meta-data android:name="androidx.wear.tiles.PREVIEW"
       android:resource="@drawable/tile_preview" />
</service>

The permission and intent filter register this service as a tile provider.

The icon, label, and description is shown to the user when they configure tiles on their phone or watch.

Use the preview metadata tag to show a preview of the tile when configuring it on your phone.

Create UI for tiles

The layout of a tile is written using a builder pattern. A tile's layout is built up like a tree that consists of layout containers and basic layout elements. Each layout element has properties, which you can set through various setter methods.

Basic layout elements

The following visual elements from the protolayout library are supported, along with Material components:

• Text: renders a string of text, optionally wrapping.
• Image: renders an image.
• Spacer: provides padding between elements or can act as a divider when you set its background color.

Material components

In addition to basic elements, the protolayout-material library provides components that ensure a tile design in line with Material Design user interface recommendations.

• Button: clickable circular component designed to contain an icon.

• Chip: clickable stadium-shaped component designed to contain up to two lines of text and an optional icon.

• CompactChip: clickable stadium-shaped component designed to contain a line of text.

• TitleChip: clickable stadium-shaped component similar to Chip but with a larger height to accommodate title text.

• CircularProgressIndicator: circular progress indicator that can be placed inside a EdgeContentLayout to display progress around the edges of the screen.

Layout containers

The following containers are supported, along with Material layouts:

• Row: lays child elements out horizontally, one after another.
• Column: lays child elements out vertically, one after another.
• Box: overlays child elements on top of one another.
• Arc: lays child elements out in a circle.
• Spannable: applies specific FontStyles to sections of text along with interleaving text and images. For more information, see Spannables.

Every container can contain one or more children, which themselves can also be containers. For example, a Column can contain multiple Row elements as children, resulting in a grid-like layout.

As an example, a tile with a container layout and two child layout elements could look like this:

private fun myLayout(): LayoutElement =
    Row.Builder()
        .setWidth(wrap())
        .setHeight(expand())
        .setVerticalAlignment(VALIGN_BOTTOM)
        .addContent(Text.Builder()
            .setText("Hello world")
            .build()
        )
        .addContent(Image.Builder()
            .setResourceId("image_id")
            .setWidth(dp(24f))
            .setHeight(dp(24f))
            .build()
        ).build()

private LayoutElement myLayout() {
    return new Row.Builder()
        .setWidth(wrap())
        .setHeight(expand())
        .setVerticalAlignment(VALIGN_BOTTOM)
        .addContent(new Text.Builder()
            .setText("Hello world")
            .build()
        )
        .addContent(new Image.Builder()
            .setResourceId("image_id")
            .setWidth(dp(24f))
            .setHeight(dp(24f))
            .build()
        ).build();
}

Material layouts

In addition to basic layouts, the protolayout-material library provides a few opinionated layouts made to hold elements in specific "slots".

• PrimaryLayout: positions a single primary action CompactChip at the bottom with the content centered above it.

• MultiSlotLayout: positions primary and secondary labels with optional content in between and an optional CompactChip at the bottom.

• MultiButtonLayout: positions a set of buttons that are arranged according to Material guidelines.

• EdgeContentLayout: positions content around the edge of a screen, such as a CircularProgressIndicator. When using this layout, the content within it has the appropriate margins and padding applied automatically.

Arcs

The following Arc container children are supported:

• ArcLine: renders a curved line around the Arc.
• ArcText: renders curved text in the Arc.
• ArcAdapter: renders a basic layout element in the arc, drawn at a tangent to the arc.

For more information, see the reference documentation for each of the element types.

Modifiers

Every available layout element can optionally have modifiers applied to it. Use these modifiers for the following purposes:

• Change the visual appearance of the layout. For example, add a background, border, or padding to your layout element.
• Add metadata about the layout. For example, add a semantics modifier to your layout element for use with screen readers.
• Add functionality. For example, add a clickable modifier to your layout element to make your tile interactive. For more information, see Interact with tiles.

For example, we can customize the default look and metadata of an Image, as shown in the following code sample:

private fun myImage(): LayoutElement =
    Image.Builder()
        .setWidth(dp(24f))
        .setHeight(dp(24f))
        .setResourceId("image_id")
        .setModifiers(Modifiers.Builder()
            .setBackground(Background.Builder().setColor(argb(0xFFFF0000)).build())
            .setPadding(Padding.Builder().setStart(dp(12f)).build())
            .setSemantics(Semantics.builder()
                .setContentDescription("Image description")
                .build()
            ).build()
        ).build()

private LayoutElement myImage() {
   return new Image.Builder()
           .setWidth(dp(24f))
           .setHeight(dp(24f))
           .setResourceId("image_id")
           .setModifiers(new Modifiers.Builder()
                   .setBackground(new Background.Builder().setColor(argb(0xFFFF0000)).build())
                   .setPadding(new Padding.Builder().setStart(dp(12f)).build())
                   .setSemantics(new Semantics.Builder()
                           .setContentDescription("Image description")
                           .build()
                   ).build()
           ).build();
}

Spannables

A Spannable is a special type of container that lays out elements similarly to text. This is useful when you want to apply a different style to only one substring in a larger block of text, something that isn't possible with the Text element.

A Spannable container is filled with Span children. Other children, or nested Spannable instances, aren't allowed.

There are two types of Span children:

• SpanText: renders text with a specific style.
• SpanImage: renders an image inline with text.

For example, you could italicize "world" in a "Hello world" tile and insert an image between the words, as shown in the following code sample:

private fun mySpannable(): LayoutElement =
    Spannable.Builder()
        .addSpan(SpanText.Builder()
            .setText("Hello ")
            .build()
        )
        .addSpan(SpanImage.Builder()
            .setWidth(dp(24f))
            .setHeight(dp(24f))
            .setResourceId("image_id")
            .build()
        )
        .addSpan(SpanText.Builder()
            .setText("world")
            .setFontStyle(FontStyle.Builder()
                .setItalic(true)
                .build())
            .build()
        ).build()

private LayoutElement mySpannable() {
   return new Spannable.Builder()
        .addSpan(new SpanText.Builder()
            .setText("Hello ")
            .build()
        )
        .addSpan(new SpanImage.Builder()
            .setWidth(dp(24f))
            .setHeight(dp(24f))
            .setResourceId("image_id")
            .build()
        )
        .addSpan(new SpanText.Builder()
            .setText("world")
            .setFontStyle(newFontStyle.Builder()
                .setItalic(true)
                .build())
            .build()
        ).build();
}

Work with resources

Tiles don't have access to any of your app's resources. This means that you can't pass an Android image ID to an Image layout element and expect it to resolve. Instead, override the onTileResourcesRequest() method and provide any resources manually.

There are two ways to provide images within the onTileResourcesRequest() method:

• Provide a drawable resource using setAndroidResourceByResId().
• Provide a dynamic image as a ByteArray using setInlineResource().

override fun onTileResourcesRequest(
    requestParams: ResourcesRequest
) = Futures.immediateFuture(
Resources.Builder()
    .setVersion("1")
    .addIdToImageMapping("image_from_resource", ImageResource.Builder()
        .setAndroidResourceByResId(AndroidImageResourceByResId.Builder()
            .setResourceId(R.drawable.image_id)
            .build()
        ).build()
    )
    .addIdToImageMapping("image_inline", ImageResource.Builder()
        .setInlineResource(InlineImageResource.Builder()
            .setData(imageAsByteArray)
            .setWidthPx(48)
            .setHeightPx(48)
            .setFormat(ResourceBuilders.IMAGE_FORMAT_RGB_565)
            .build()
        ).build()
    ).build()
)

@Override
protected ListenableFuture<Resources> onTileResourcesRequest(
       @NonNull ResourcesRequest requestParams
) {
return Futures.immediateFuture(
    new Resources.Builder()
        .setVersion("1")
        .addIdToImageMapping("image_from_resource", new ImageResource.Builder()
            .setAndroidResourceByResId(new AndroidImageResourceByResId.Builder()
                .setResourceId(R.drawable.image_id)
                .build()
            ).build()
        )
        .addIdToImageMapping("image_inline", new ImageResource.Builder()
            .setInlineResource(new InlineImageResource.Builder()
                .setData(imageAsByteArray)
                .setWidthPx(48)
                .setHeightPx(48)
                .setFormat(ResourceBuilders.IMAGE_FORMAT_RGB_565)
                .build()
            ).build()
        ).build()
);
}