BufferedReader
public
class
BufferedReader
extends Reader
java.lang.Object | ||
↳ | java.io.Reader | |
↳ | java.io.BufferedReader |
Reads text from a character-input stream, buffering characters so as to provide for the efficient reading of characters, arrays, and lines.
The buffer size may be specified, or the default size may be used. The default is large enough for most purposes.
In general, each read request made of a Reader causes a corresponding read request to be made of the underlying character or byte stream. It is therefore advisable to wrap a BufferedReader around any Reader whose read() operations may be costly, such as FileReaders and InputStreamReaders. For example,
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("foo.in"));will buffer the input from the specified file. Without buffering, each invocation of read() or readLine() could cause bytes to be read from the file, converted into characters, and then returned, which can be very inefficient.
Programs that use DataInputStreams for textual input can be localized by replacing each DataInputStream with an appropriate BufferedReader.
Summary
Inherited fields |
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Public constructors | |
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BufferedReader(Reader in, int sz)
Creates a buffering character-input stream that uses an input buffer of the specified size. |
|
BufferedReader(Reader in)
Creates a buffering character-input stream that uses a default-sized input buffer. |
Public methods | |
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void
|
close()
Closes the stream and releases any system resources associated with it. |
Stream<String>
|
lines()
Returns a |
void
|
mark(int readAheadLimit)
Marks the present position in the stream. |
boolean
|
markSupported()
Tells whether this stream supports the mark() operation, which it does. |
int
|
read()
Reads a single character. |
int
|
read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
Reads characters into a portion of an array. |
String
|
readLine()
Reads a line of text. |
boolean
|
ready()
Tells whether this stream is ready to be read. |
void
|
reset()
Resets the stream to the most recent mark. |
long
|
skip(long n)
Skips characters. |
Inherited methods | |
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Public constructors
BufferedReader
public BufferedReader (Reader in, int sz)
Creates a buffering character-input stream that uses an input buffer of the specified size.
Parameters | |
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in |
Reader : A Reader |
sz |
int : Input-buffer size |
Throws | |
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IllegalArgumentException |
If sz <= 0 |
BufferedReader
public BufferedReader (Reader in)
Creates a buffering character-input stream that uses a default-sized input buffer.
Parameters | |
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in |
Reader : A Reader |
Public methods
close
public void close ()
Closes the stream and releases any system resources associated with it. Once the stream has been closed, further read(), ready(), mark(), reset(), or skip() invocations will throw an IOException. Closing a previously closed stream has no effect.
Throws | |
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IOException |
lines
public Stream<String> lines ()
Returns a Stream
, the elements of which are lines read from
this BufferedReader
. The Stream
is lazily populated,
i.e., read only occurs during the
terminal
stream operation.
The reader must not be operated on during the execution of the terminal stream operation. Otherwise, the result of the terminal stream operation is undefined.
After execution of the terminal stream operation there are no guarantees that the reader will be at a specific position from which to read the next character or line.
If an IOException
is thrown when accessing the underlying
BufferedReader
, it is wrapped in an UncheckedIOException
which will be thrown from the Stream
method that caused the read to take place. This method will return a
Stream if invoked on a BufferedReader that is closed. Any operation on
that stream that requires reading from the BufferedReader after it is
closed, will cause an UncheckedIOException to be thrown.
Returns | |
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Stream<String> |
a Stream<String> providing the lines of text
described by this BufferedReader |
mark
public void mark (int readAheadLimit)
Marks the present position in the stream. Subsequent calls to reset() will attempt to reposition the stream to this point.
Parameters | |
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readAheadLimit |
int : Limit on the number of characters that may be
read while still preserving the mark. An attempt
to reset the stream after reading characters
up to this limit or beyond may fail.
A limit value larger than the size of the input
buffer will cause a new buffer to be allocated
whose size is no smaller than limit.
Therefore large values should be used with care. |
Throws | |
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IllegalArgumentException |
If readAheadLimit < 0 |
IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |
markSupported
public boolean markSupported ()
Tells whether this stream supports the mark() operation, which it does.
Returns | |
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boolean |
true if and only if this stream supports the mark operation. |
read
public int read ()
Reads a single character.
Returns | |
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int |
The character read, as an integer in the range 0 to 65535 (0x00-0xffff), or -1 if the end of the stream has been reached |
Throws | |
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IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |
read
public int read (char[] cbuf, int off, int len)
Reads characters into a portion of an array.
This method implements the general contract of the corresponding
method of the
read
class. As an additional convenience, it
attempts to read as many characters as possible by repeatedly invoking
the Reader
read
method of the underlying stream. This iterated
read
continues until one of the following conditions becomes
true:
- The specified number of characters have been read,
- The
read
method of the underlying stream returns-1
, indicating end-of-file, or - The
ready
method of the underlying stream returnsfalse
, indicating that further input requests would block.
read
on the underlying stream returns
-1
to indicate end-of-file then this method returns
-1
. Otherwise this method returns the number of characters
actually read.
Subclasses of this class are encouraged, but not required, to attempt to read as many characters as possible in the same fashion.
Ordinarily this method takes characters from this stream's character
buffer, filling it from the underlying stream as necessary. If,
however, the buffer is empty, the mark is not valid, and the requested
length is at least as large as the buffer, then this method will read
characters directly from the underlying stream into the given array.
Thus redundant BufferedReader
s will not copy data
unnecessarily.
Parameters | |
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cbuf |
char : Destination buffer |
off |
int : Offset at which to start storing characters |
len |
int : Maximum number of characters to read |
Returns | |
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int |
The number of characters read, or -1 if the end of the stream has been reached |
Throws | |
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IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |
IndexOutOfBoundsException |
readLine
public String readLine ()
Reads a line of text. A line is considered to be terminated by any one of a line feed ('\n'), a carriage return ('\r'), a carriage return followed immediately by a line feed, or by reaching the end-of-file (EOF).
Returns | |
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String |
A String containing the contents of the line, not including any line-termination characters, or null if the end of the stream has been reached without reading any characters |
Throws | |
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IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |
See also:
ready
public boolean ready ()
Tells whether this stream is ready to be read. A buffered character stream is ready if the buffer is not empty, or if the underlying character stream is ready.
Returns | |
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boolean |
True if the next read() is guaranteed not to block for input, false otherwise. Note that returning false does not guarantee that the next read will block. |
Throws | |
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IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |
reset
public void reset ()
Resets the stream to the most recent mark.
Throws | |
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IOException |
If the stream has never been marked, or if the mark has been invalidated |
skip
public long skip (long n)
Skips characters.
Parameters | |
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n |
long : The number of characters to skip |
Returns | |
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long |
The number of characters actually skipped |
Throws | |
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IllegalArgumentException |
If n is negative. |
IOException |
If an I/O error occurs |